Prisoners with Special Needs free essay sample

A unique need detainee has a physical or mental handicap that restricts their ability to work in the ordinary prisoner populace. The United States is comprised of people of varying backgrounds. The detainees held in American penitentiaries are the same. The United States jail framework doesn't segregated among its detainees. These detainees may have physical or mental handicaps in any case, in the event that they perpetrated a wrongdoing and are condemned to invest energy in jail then that is the place they go. The truth of the matter is these detainees have unique needs and are not exceptional. They have been detained which is as it should be. The most widely recognized uncommon needs detainees are intellectually sick prisoners. Mental inabilities are partitioned into three general classes, formative handicaps, learning incapacities, and dysfunctional behavior (Silka Hauser, 1997). Formative inabilities are alluded to as intellectually impeded. Insight is estimated by IQ, somebody with formative handicaps has an According to Silka and Hauser (1997) â€Å"IQ of under 100. We will compose a custom article test on Detainees with Special Needs or on the other hand any comparable theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Mellow mental hindrance has an IQ of 51-69, moderate mental impediment is an IQ of 35-50, serious is an IQ 20-35, and significant is 20 and below† (p. Levels of seriousness, Table 1). Intellectually sick prisoners are grouped into two classes, enthusiastic aggravations, and character issue. Some psychological issue generally found in jail are distrustfulness, sorrow, despondency, schizophrenia, and nervousness issue. It is the activity of prison guards to get these people clinical treatment (Silka Hauser, 1997). An absence of family connections, instruction, and business related abilities can facilitate crime. Government and state levels make some hard memories finding the assets to treat the intellectually sick who have been detained. Ordinarily intellectually sick prisoners go undiscovered or their requirements are not met on the grounds that prison guards don't have a clue how to deal with them. In the event that these wrongdoers are not appropriately thought about their physical and mental state will break down. This makes them be significantly more of a weight on society and the jail framework monetarily (National place for biotechnology data, u. s. national library of medication, 2013). The maturing populace of detainees represents 20% of the whole jail populace. Prisoners are required to carry out 85% of their punishment before they can be discharged. Life sentences are utilized for regularly than previously (CJi Interactive, University of Phoenix, 2011). Prudence of the appointed authority has been removed in light of required condemning. Without required condemning the appointed authority could his caution and sentence these maturing guilty parties to another sentence other than detainment (Seiter, p, 223, 2011). The expense to think about an old prisoner is multiple times more than the normal detainee or $60,000 every year. Approaches are required explicitly designed for the older to help care for them (CJi Interactive, University of Phoenix, 2011). Adolescents 18 and more youthful are carrying out progressively vicious wrongdoings. Thus Legislation is being looked for after to attempt adolescents as grown-ups. These guilty parties have been condemned as a grown-up and are held in grown-up detainment facilities in any case, are formatively juvenile. An issue to consider is, isolation of the adolescent, staff explicitly prepared, and instructive projects accessible. Likewise treatment programs must be accessible and intended for the young (CJi Interactive, University of Phoenix, 2011). Medication guilty parties represent numerous wrongdoers in jail. These wrongdoers have a past filled with tranquilize use and misuse. A significant number of the guilty parties have a background marked by medicate use and misuse, have physical addictions, or medication related diseases. The requirement for medications and medication use is a donor of wrongdoing and should be dealt with while imprisoned. Issues to consider while moving a wrongdoer into an office is there ought to be an assortment of medication treatment programs accessible, specific treatment for sedate related ailments, and emotional wellness treatment (CJi Interactive, University of Phoenix, 2011). The Monroe Correctional Complex offers a Sexual Offender Treatment Program. Of the guilty parties that total this program seven percent come back to jail. It is assessed that 95 % of condemned sex wrongdoers in jail come back to the network. Treatment for guilty parties is one component to a comprehensive endeavor to grow network security. As per Department of Corrections Washington State (2012), â€Å"The Monroe Correctional Complex accepts treatment for sex guilty parties is a key segment of its Reentry Initiative. The Reentry Initiative is intended to assist guilty parties with starting to get the medicines, instruction, and employment preparing they need in jail so they can come back to society settling on decisions that will keep them out of prison† (para. 1, 2, 3). As indicated by Department of Corrections Washington State (2012), â€Å"The Monroe Correctional Complex has three fundamental objectives: 1. Assist guilty parties with figuring out how to decrease and oversee chance. 2. Give data to support the office and its locale accomplices screen and oversee guilty parties all the more adequately. â€Å"Group therapy’s objectives are to enable guilty parties: To assume liability for assaultive conduct Learn how to comprehend their examples (patterns) of criminal conduct Learn backslide anticipation and other administration aptitudes to diminish danger of reoffense Learn the mentalities, thinking abilities and practices expected to securely live in the network Prepare to learn new aptitudes and knowledge† As indicated by Department of Corrections Washington State (2012), â€Å"Additional classes and meetings address sexual deviancy, fundamental abilities and different subjects. Guilty parties differ generally in their inspiration and promise to change. Treatment is probably going to be fruitful to the degree that the guilty party can: Recognize and comprehend the elements that added to their offense(s). Screen themselves and their condition to identify changes showing that their hazard to reoffend is expanding. Build up the abilities important to intercede, oversee and diminish unsafe conduct Remain willing and ready to apply checking and mediation aptitudes in a convenient and viable way, including looking for outside help when necessary† (para. 9, 10) all in all, The Monroe Correctional Complex sex guilty party program has been effective. Just seven percent of guilty parties who have finished the program come back to jail. There is a holding up rundown and models to meet all requirements for the programming and are taken dependent upon the situation. A greater amount of these sorts of projects should be utilized to decrease the recidivism.

Teaching Philosophy Statement :: Education Teachers Teaching Essays

Showing Philosophy Statement There have been numerous educators come and go in my life, however just a couple truly stick out. The explanation I need to educate is a direct result of these couple of instructors that have contacted my life. A one of a kind universe of chance rests inside an instructive framework. The capacity to impact minds is a magnificent thing. I don’t need to be one of those standard instructors; I need to turn into a remarkable educator. I need to be the instructor that everybody esteems. I comprehend that it will take a great deal of difficult work to turn into this sort of educator, yet I’m ready to do as such. I plan to be a positive impact on my understudies. I need to have the option to propel my understudies, and give them a full chance to learn. I wish for the understudies who leave my study hall to have achieved freedom, information, and self-control. I think these three angles are the parts of a compelling homeroom condition. My way of thinking on instruction is a mixed way of thinking. I find that I lean toward the essentialist theory. Needing to be a science educator, I accept that regular sciences ought to be a central subjects. Despite the fact that I feel that talk and conversation are incredible approaches to lean, I figure an assortment of techniques ought to be utilized. I figure a viable homeroom ought to get different techniques for learning, for example, helpful learning, dominance learning, venture based guidance alongside direct guidance. I accept that scholarly thoroughness is a basic segment of instruction. I accept understudies should ace certain key materials before being given to the following evaluation level. Other than essentialism, I discover another way of thinking I lean toward is perrenialism. What makes me lean toward perrenialism is that I accept that techniques, for example, critical thinking, conversation, address, basic reasoning, and addressing ought to be utilized in each study hall. As a science educator I would feel that critical thinking would be the most ideal approach to instruct my understudies. My objectives for what's to come are to move on from Concord with a Bachelor’s in Science Education of evaluations 9-12. I at that point plan on possibly educating and afterward proceeding to get a Master’s qualification.

How to Negotiate Job Relocation Package

How to Negotiate Job Relocation Package The world is an increasingly interconnected and global place to be. Most organizations operate in different places and people uproot themselves regularly in search of a better future.Your time on the career ladder is also likely to involve relocation â€" either you find the perfect job in the strangest place or your current employer offers you an opportunity elsewhere.But anyone who’s ever moved knows relocating isn’t easy or cheap. How do you ensure you get the right support from your employer to take the leap? In this guide, you’ll get tips for negotiating job relocation package and making the job opportunity worth the move. UNDERSTAND THE COMPANY’S RELOCATION POLICYBefore you begin your negotiations, it’s important to take a minute to understand the employer’s current relocation policy or the lack of one. Companies can have different policies regarding the relocation packages they offer.A big part of medium and large organizations have an official policy, while smaller business or startups might not have any kind of common procedure. It’s important you know whether you are negotiating around an existing policy or from scratch.The content of this policy might also differ. Some companies might automatically offer a lump sum as they ask for the relocation or offer you the job. It might also be a detailed package, offering help with certain costs while perhaps excluding others.Some companies have organized packages that don’t necessarily offer a lot of room for negotiations. The depth and structure of the relocation package might also differ depending on whether:You are a new employee, relocating to start in the job, orYou are an existing employee being offered a role elsewhere but within the same company/its sister companies.To find out about a company’s relocation policy, you have three options:Check the company websiteThe company websitemight have information regarding this, especially in terms of new employees. If you are an existing employee, your employee handbook might have a section on the subject.Ask the HR directlyYou could also contact the hiring manager or the HR department directly and ask if the company has a policy on relocation costs.Check with colleaguesYou might also be able to talk to your peers (if you’re moving within the company), especially if you know someone who has recently relocated.Relocation packages are rather common and nearly one-third of employers are willing to contribute â€" you just need to make sure to know the policy and to ask for the support.By checking out the policy, you get a better understanding of your negotiating position. Yo u will be better equipped to handle the situation and to come to an acceptable conclusion.KNOW WHAT HELP COULD BE AVAILABLELet’s examine the different job relocation help companies tend to offer. This will help you understand what to ask for when starting the negotiations. The job relocation packages and support systems can help with:Finding a new home from searching for homes with your specific requirements and helping you with the buying process. This can also include help with your current home â€" if you own your home, you might receive help when listing and selling it. Temporary accommodation costs might also be included.Helping with job search for your spouse and partner. If you’re married or in a relationship, your spouse or partner might receive recruitment help to make their job relocation possible.Provision of transportation help including things like hiring moving vans for your things or helping you to buy a car.Helping with moving and packing in general. The help mig ht include things like packing assistance and cleaners.The above help and support can be further divided into two categories. The employer might offer to help with the physical aspect of the move. This would mean hiring a moving company to move your things from your old home to the new, for example. It could also be providing your spouse or partner with contacts with recruitment specialist or interviews with different local companies.The other route companies might take is to provide assistance in the above issues through monetary reimbursements. In this situation, the company would offer you a specific sum of money and it would be your job to find the assistance. For example, instead of the company hiring the moving company, you would have to do it yourself. They might also not offer any help in terms of finding estate agencies but provide you with money to cover the cost of hiring one and so on.Furthermore, the job relocation package might include assistance in all of the above ca tegories or the employer might only offer to help with one. You definitely want to check the specifics of what the employer is offering to ensure you can start analyzing whether the deal is good enough.EXAMINE YOUR SITUATIONSo far, you’ve cleared what the employer might or might not be offering. Next, you need to examine your situation and the impact of the relocation. It’s hard for you to negotiate without having this information at hand.First, consider the emotional impact of the move. You should make it clear to yourself and your family that changing cities is not always easy. It’s crucial to make sure you are accepting or rejecting the job offer or the relocation offer based on understanding what the move actually means to you.There’s a good video series on the topic on YouTube with the starting video available right here: [youtube  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BZqo0UzGXskw=640h=330]When you know you are ready for this, you need to start focusing on the cold hard numb ers. What is the cost of relocation going to be? To understand this, you want to calculate the following things:Moving costs The cost of packing and unpacking items and hiring a moving van.The cost of having to buy new things in the city.House selling/buying/renting costsThe cost of listing your old house (estate agent fees, re-mortgaging etc.) and the cost of buying a new home (similar costs to the above).The cost of renting in the new city, including looking for the accommodation and having to pay for temporary accommodation.Transportation costs The cost of sorting things out and having to possibly fly back and worth or the cost of driving to the new city.Family member relocation and other such costsThe cost of relocating your spouse or partner, including their possible temporary unemployment or the cost of losing their current salary.The cost of childcare or schools in the new area.You should study things like real estate website for house prices, talk to agents about selling you r home, examine the cost of living in the city and calculating these things together. You should be able to get a rough estimate of how much things are going to cost, which then allows you to think the impact the costs would have on your finances.It’s a good idea to start by thinking what would happen if you don’t get any help. How much would your savings help if at all? Are you going to increase your salary and this will help cover the cost? Could you be able to borrow money if needed?This helps you understand how viable the relocation would be financially and what sort of help you most need from the employer. You should keep in mind that certain costs might be tax deductible. It’s a good idea to talk to a tax advisor to know if you can deduct some expenses.You want to get a clear estimate of what those different components will cost. Knowing your numbers will make it easier to start negotiating the relocation package with the employerFOCUS ON MUTUAL BENEFITS FOR BOTHNow that you know the company policy and you’ve examined your situation and needs, you can start negotiating with the employer. The best tactic is to be upfront about what you’d like to receive and to focus on mutual benefits of both in ensuring the relocation process is smooth.Naftali Garber, a relocation expert, told Salary.com, “You’re relocating to a new place with a whole list of issues, the last thing you need is to actually absorb the cost of the move yourself”. So, don’t be afraid to ask!It’s a good idea to explain and to show to the employer it’s beneficial for the organization to make things go smoothly. First, you can point out how stressful the situation of relocation is. It will take a lot of your time and energy to sort everything from finding somewhere to live to moving your stuff.The more energy and time you need to spend on things like this, the less productive you might be. Having your move in tatters can have an impact on your ability to perform at work. T herefore, help from your employer will guarantee the relocation process is not as disruptive and that you’ll be able to start performing well in your new job right from the get-go.Now, you should also focus on gently reminding the employer of the value you would bring to the company. This doesn’t mean threatening them and saying you’ll reject the job offer if they don’t give you what you need, but to point out to them how you will be able to provide benefits to the company. You need to understand your value â€" there’s a reason you’ve been offered this role in the first place.It’s a good idea to keep in mind the corporate psychology. The company is essentially trying to keep costs down and be conservative with the money. If you can show them financial benefits of options during the negotiations, you might get the help you need.For example, consider suggesting slightly lower salary compensation in place for more support during the relocation. You might even suggest it t he other way around if you find that more acceptable. For the employer, little tweaks like this can seem appealing. It also gives you the edge of being flexible â€" you are showing your ability to negotiate and it might help convince the employer to meet you halfway.Of course, you can ask for this flexibility in other ways too. For example, ask if you could only work half a week for the first two weeks in order to sort out things. You might offer to work from home to minimize the disruption at the start.PRESENT ACTUAL QUOTESWhen you are negotiating the help package, you need to be clear about what you need and what. Your negotiating position is much stronger if you have an actual figure you can show instead of just throwing a random number at the employer. Actual quotes showing the cost of different relocation elements will help build a case for why you need the money.Firstly, it will show the employer you’re not trying to cheat and asking for more than what the relocation actuall y costs. It shows you actually need to pay that much money just to join them and it should make it easier to convince them you need the money. For the employer, this shows you’re not bluffing when negotiating or suddenly showing at their door after the move to ask for more.But it also helps you, as well as the employer, understand the real cost of relocation. When you do this research prior to your final decision, you get a better sense of what this job relocation would actually cost. It can help you prepare for it and it ensures you or the employer don’t end up surprised about the expenses.Gather quotes from different moving companies or estate agents, for example. You can use them for averages to get a better idea of what to expect. In terms of figures you can’t really predict beforehand, you can do estimates of different scenarios. For example, look at possible jobs for your partner and how this would impact your family’s income â€" you might even calculate different time lines in terms of when your partner might get a job.GET THE DEAL IN WRITINGAs you begin to reach an agreement on the subject, you need to begin writing it down. It’s important to have figures and other essential elements of the agreement on paper â€" this ensures neither party can suddenly start asking for something different. You need the agreement to have legal weight, i.e. be in writing and documented in a manner lawyers would agree, to ensure you get what you discussed with the employer.You could draft the document or give a list of things agreed to the employer’s lawyers to draft the agreement. Check to ensure the document is legally valid and read it carefully before signing. You need to be aware of any possible caveats the document might have. If you don’t understand it, don’t sign it.Don’t let the employer talk you down from an official document! No matter how lovely and trustworthy the employer is, creating an official document is important. Relocation is a big de al and having a legally binding document is not just beneficial for you but also the employer â€" so tell them that in case they keep telling you a document isn’t necessary for this situation.ALWAYS KNOW YOUR RED LINEIt’s crucial to approach the negotiations with a clear idea of what you want. You need to have an idea of what three different outcomes look like:The ideal outcome â€" What kind of relocation deal would satisfy all your needs?The acceptable outcome â€" What is the minimum you are looking to get out of the negotiations and to accept it?The unacceptable outcomeâ€" What kind of deal package just won’t help you and what would make you reject the relocation offer altogether?You need to think about this because you don’t want to relocate to a job only to find out you didn’t really want it. Job relocation shouldn’t ruin your mental health or your bank account. Therefore, you need to know that red line.It’s, of course, important to think about the move in terms of the emotional impact it might have. Moving to a different city or even country can be a huge thing that takes a toll on your wellbeing. If you’ve never lived away from your family or if this would be your first big relocation, you need to take enough time to ponder the impact it might have on you.If you have a family, you naturally need to have these conversations with the whole of the family to understand their points of view. It’s important to make the decision first to ensure you know whether accepting the relocation offer is worth it â€" it’s not all just about money.Of course, you have to think about the finances as well. You don’t want to make the move if you just can’t square the finances. It’s essential to understand it isn’t just about the cost of moving. Living costs in another city might change dramatically and you need to factor these in.Household costs, food costs, entertainment costs, travel costs â€" all of these can be higher or lower, as well as stay the same, in your potential new place to live. You need to know what kind of lifestyle your new salary would help you live and whether your overall quality of life would drop or increase if you decided to move.With these things in mind, you can start realizing the answer to the three questions. The answers will then help you during the negotiations and when you need to finally accept or reject the job offer.THE KEY TO NEGOTIATION SUCCESSIt’s important to consider the job relocation carefully before you accept it. Not only do you need to consider the personal impact of moving, but also the financial implications. It’s important to talk to your employer and get a clear idea of the kind of help that’s available to you.If you can highlight your value to the company and present proven cost calculations, your employer is unlikely to deny assistance. So do your research and you’ll end up with smooth and successful job relocation!

7 pasos para tramitar visa TN profesionista mexicano

El Tratado de Libre Comercio de Amà ©rica del Norte (NAFTA, por sus siglas en inglà ©s) creà ³ la visa TN que permite a los profesionistas de Mà ©xico y Canadà ¡ trabajar temporalmente en Estados Unidos. Es uno de los visados de trabajo mà ¡s fà ¡ciles de obtener. 2 requisitos de carà ¡cter previo para solicitar la visa TN Es necesario cumplir dos requisitos antes de iniciar la tramitacià ³n de la visa TN. En primer lugar, el solicitante debe asegurarse de que su profesià ³n es una de las mà ¡s de 60 incluidas en el listado del Apà ©ndice 1603.d.1 de TLCAN capà ­tulo 16. Para casi todas es necesario el tà ­tulo universitario de licenciatura. En segundo lugar, tener una oferta laboral de una empresa de los Estados Unidos. Es decir, primero viene la oferta de trabajo o el contrato y luego se solicita la visa la visa TN. No es posible el auto empleo. Es decir, no se puede solicitar la visa con la intencià ³n de trabajar como freelance en Estados Unidos para una o varias empresas o con la de crear una empresa. 7 pasos para sacar la visa TN 1.- Solicitar la visa Para ello debe completarse la forma DS-160 online. Ademà ¡s, si el profesionista que solicita la visa quiere que le acompaà ±en a EE.UU. su cà ³nyuge y/o sus hijos solteros menores de 21 aà ±os deberà ¡ completarse un DS-160 para cada uno de ellos. Los profesionista que aplican desde Mà ©xico no deben subir su foto a la aplicacià ³n, ya que se le tomarà ¡ posteriormente. Sin embargo, si completan la solicitud desde otro paà ­s puede que deben hacerlo. En este caso, cumplir los requisitos de tamaà ±o y forma para fotos y las instrucciones sobre cà ³mo subirla al formulario. Debe imprimirse la confirmacià ³n del haber finalizado la aplicacià ³n del DS-160. 2.-Pago de la tarifa El costo de la visa TN por NAFTA es de $160. No es recuperable ni se puede transferir a otra persona. Debe pagarse una tarifa por cada solicitante. Para pagar, ir a la pà ¡gina de citas mexico.usvisa-info.com. Imprimir el talà ³n de pago y acudir a cualquier sucursal de los bancos CitiBanamex o Scotiabank y pagar la tarifa en efectivo. El banco debe entregar un recibo original que contiene un nà ºmero de confirmacià ³n. 3.- Cita para toma de datos biomà ©tricos Si el solicitante reside habitualmente en Mà ©xico, antes de acudir al consulado americano para la entrevista debe cerrar una cita con un centro de atencià ³n CAS donde se le tomarà ¡n las huellas digitales y una fotografà ­a. Para ello, regresar a la pà ¡gina de citas de la que se descargà ³ el talà ³n de pago de la solicitud de visa. En este momento se deberà ¡ introducir el nà ºmero de confirmacià ³n de pago. 4.- Cita para la entrevista en una oficina consular La cita se cierra en la misma pà ¡gina en la que se agendà ³ la toma de datos biomà ©tricos y se descargà ³ el talà ³n de pago. 5.- Seleccionar oficina mensajerà ­a Si la visa se aprueba, la oficina consular de EE.UU. enviarà ¡ el pasaporte del solicitante con la visa a una oficina de DHL que debe seleccionarse en el momento de cerrar la cita para la entrevista. 6.- Entrevista en el consulado para la visa TN y documentacià ³n que debe llevarse Como regla general, todos los solicitantes de una visa no inmigrante, como por ejemplo la TN, con edades comprendidas entre los 14 y los 79 aà ±os deben presentarse para la entrevista. Sin embargo, las oficinas consulares pueden establecer otras reglas y solicitar a los menores o mayores de dichas edades que se presenten a la misma. Se aconseja llegar al edificio consular 15 minutos antes de la hora fijada. Por motivos de seguridad, no llevar a la entrevista en la oficina consular telà ©fonos, armas, là ­quidos, geles, cerillos, mochilas o bolsos de medidas superiores a 45 cm x 45 cm, etc. Una vez en el edificio consular, el solicitante recibirà ¡ un boleto con el nà ºmero de su turno. Para la entrevista es necesario llevar la siguiente documentacià ³n: Pasaporte mexicano và ¡lido por al menos seis meses mà ¡s allà ¡ del fin de la estancia prevista en Estados Unidos. DS-160: papel impreso de confirmacià ³n. Tarifa: resguardo entregado por el banco que confirma el pago de la solicitud de visa Carta de empleo o contrato de una empresa de EE.UU. en la que se detalla que la posicià ³n ofertada necesita ser cubierta por una persona que cumple los requisitos seà ±alados en NAFTA. Ademà ¡s, deberà ¡ incluir informacià ³n detallada sobre la actividad profesional a realizar en EEUU, la duracià ³n prevista del contrato, cuà ¡l es la compensacià ³n econà ³mica y evidencia de que se cumple con los requisitos fijados por el Departamento de Seguridad Interna (DHS, siglas en inglà ©s) y el estado en el que se va a trabajar. Documentos que prueben requisitos de estudios o de experiencia laboral que pide NAFTA para este tipo de visas como, por ejemplo, titulaciones universitarias, licencias profesionales, diplomas o membresà ­a en organizaciones profesionales. Para demostrar experiencia se admiten cartas de empleadores o, en el caso de trabajadores independientes o autà ³nomos, los rà ©cords del negocio. Frecuentemente, las oficinas consulares verifican la autenticidad de estos documentos y si encuentran que alguno es apà ³crifo niegan la visa e incluso se han dado casos en los que han llamado a las autoridades mexicanas para que procedan al arresto del solicitante de la visa que ha presentado esta documentacià ³n fraudulenta. Por otro lado, no es necesario presentar en el momento de la entrevista prueba de que el solicitante tiene las licencias profesionales necesarias para trabajar en EEUU para ciertos tipos de empleos, ya que tales certificaciones se pueden conseguir a posteriori. Sin embargo, si se tienen, se recomienda presentarlas. Finalmente, el oficial consular puede requerir documentacià ³n adicional, como prueba de que el solicitante tiene intencià ³n de salir de Estados Unidos una vez que expire su visa. En estos casos, es suficiente demostrar lazos econà ³micos y/o familiares fuertes en el lugar habitual de residencia. 7.-Aprobacià ³n, proceso administrativo o negacià ³n de la visa Despuà ©s de la entrevista consular la visa puede ser aprobada. En este caso, el solicitante la recibirà ¡ en la oficina de DHL que previamente ha solicitado. Tambià ©n es posible que la solicitud entre en una situacià ³n conocida como proceso administrativo, en el que la visa ni es aprobada ni es negada. Esto sucede cuando el consulado necesita realizar investigaciones o requiere documentacià ³n o informacià ³n adicional. Finalmente, la visa puede ser negada si el solicitante no cumple los requisitos para la adjudicacià ³n de la visa o si, por alguna razà ³n, es inadmisible para ingresar a Estados Unidos. Otras visas de trabajo disponibles para mexicanos Està ¡n disponibles todas las visas de trabajo que brinda el sistema migratorio de los Estados Unidos destacando, entre ellas, la visa H-1B para profesionales y modelos, la L-1 para casos de transfer entre oficinas de una multinacional, las visas O para personas con habilidades extraordinarias y la visa E-2 para los migrantes interesados en crear un negocio. Puntos clave del trà ¡mite de las visas TN para profesionistas mexicanos Es necesario tener una profesià ³n incluida expresamente en el Apà ©ndice de NAFTA. Para casi todas es necesaria titulacià ³n universitaria.El primer paso es obtener un contrato o una oferta de empleo por parte de una empresa estadounidense.La visa TN es temporal y, por lo tanto, la intencià ³n debe ser regresar a Mà ©xico una vez que finaliza su vigencia.La solicitud de la visa se hace online completando el formulario DS-160La tarifa de visa es de $160 no reembolsables Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal.

Essay about The Vaccine that Made Me Want to Become a Doctor

As a kid all I cared about was playing with the latest toys and being truly mischievous, although those habits soon changed around the first time I ever learned about medicine. Around my tenth birthday, I went to receive an injection at a local clinic in my home town I was so frightened of needles and at the time I acutely hated doctors as a result of that. When the doctor was about to administrate the shot he said, â€Å"Look the other way, it will hurt less.† In that act of kindness I knew that doctor cared about his patients and that they do not just inject one for fun they do it to help you. After the shot had been carried out I asked the doctor what that syringe contained. He went on to tell me that in the shot there was a vaccine,†¦show more content†¦Inoculation may also have been practiced by scratching substances from a smallpox sore into the skin (Bazin, 2000). Inoculation of diseases in that way was not always effective. More than half of the people who performed that process died. Inoculation was all they had back then, but it came with a cost the small amount of people who were inoculated and lived ended up spread the diseases rapidly because they were not quarantined properly. However a man by the name of Dr. Edward Jenner in 1798 took the next step by introducing inoculation with scabs not from small pox but from something similar. He was the one responsible for creating the vaccine for smallpox (Glynn, 2004). Dr. Jenner noticed that the girls or women employed to milk dairy cows who had previously caught cowpox did not later contract smallpox. He then created an experiment where he chose a boy by the name of James Phipps who was just eight at the time as his subject and infected him with cowpox. The child was sick for a while, but then he was perfectly healthy. Jenner then inoculated the boy again with fresh scabs from a smallpox infe cted human. Later the boy did not contract the disease (Bazin, 2000). This led to the creation of the vaccine, which over time ended up eradicating the disease Apparently, the term vaccine actually came from the smallpox epidemic. It was first used by Jenners friend, Richard Dunning in 1800. The term vaccine/vaccination referred only toShow MoreRelatedWill You Take The Flu Vaccine? Essay1466 Words   |  6 PagesTake the Flu Vaccine? Do you really know what’s going into your body when you go to the local pharmacy and get your yearly flu vaccine? An analysis of the flu vaccine process reveals multiple worries concerning the terminology used by doctors to describe vaccines and their symptoms; however, can these disadvantages keep you from getting the flu vaccine, which will increase your risk of becoming infected with influenza. 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The main function of vaccines, it to build our immune system and fight against many bacteria. However, adverse reactions have become severe over the last couple of years, leaving some parents with no child. Therefore, parents shouldn’t be punished for no t vaccinating their children because, vaccines can cause many adverse reactionsRead MoreVaccinations And How Vaccines Protect Us All By Harrison Wein And Beliefs About Childhood Vaccinations1428 Words   |  6 Pagesto remain healthy. I know when I was younger I hated to get a shot, but when I think about it today I am glad my parents made me get them. My mother was a nurse, so she knew the importance of vaccinations. Unfortunately, in todays’ society some parents think vaccinations can be more harmful then helpful, therefore refusing to vaccinate their children. 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How Does The Power Of Persuasion - 3016 Words

For the longest time, people have been studying and testing the power of persuasion. For the average American, it is seen everywhere: on television commercials, public advertisements, spokespeople in the street, daily emails, on the train - you name it, and some form of persuasion is there. But what makes a person really want to buy whatever is trying to be sold? Social influence (or peer influence) could very well be at the top of the list. A particular type of influence that individuals tend to often fall under is conformity (or normative influence), a subcategory of social influence. Many of the things that we have developed either complete reluctance to or like towards most likely started from a persuasion mechanism of some sort. These mechanisms can range from a good book review from a classmate to a horrible online rating. Simple comments either negative or positive from a peer can quite possibly make or break our decisions in the consumer world. How many times have we been tal ked out of buying, trying, or doing something? Or maybe talked into doing one of those three things? Peer influence (or social influence) is far more powerful than we realize. The word peers could mean anyone such as friends, parents, teachers, the guy advertising an item on your television, spokesmen, or even a famous celebrity. These examples mentioned as peers all have the capabilities of making an individual conform to, or think a different opinion other than their own. PersuasionShow MoreRelatedPower And Persuasion : How Does An Individual Obtain Power? Essay2234 Words   |  9 PagesPower and persuasion are among the most important aspects that create a leader. However, how does an individual obtain power, and ultimately the power to persuade others? Where does a person start? Some individuals believe that leaders are born, not made (Bateman Snell, 2013). While others believe that a leader can be made, into the person they desire to be. 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Persuasion, according to the Merriam-Webster dictionary (2016), is the act of causing people to do or believe something (pg. 1). This literature review considers the use of persuasion in the workplace by responding to the following questions. 1. How has persuasion been used throughout history? 2. Why do people fail to implement change in this changing world? 3. How have persuasion campaigns implementedRead MoreThe concept of public relations varies amongst scholars with different perspectives, and it900 Words   |  4 Pagesnegative connotation in their meaning. In this paper, we will refer to the concepts of persuasion, as the process of convincing an audience to believe; power, as a strength or ability to act effectively and superior to others; and resources, as a source of aid or supply. With this in mind, the focus of this entry is to explain how the concepts of persuasion, power and resources facilitate dialogue, and similarly, how they are related to Grunig’s symmetrical communication model, as characteristics thatRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of `` The Necessary Art Of Persuasion ``750 Words   |  3 PagesThe Necessary Art of Persuasion, the author, Jay A. Conger, attempts to illustrate to the readers that one must learn and become fluid in the art of persuasion in the business environment. I believe this argument in favor of persuasion is relative now more then ever. In the past persuasion has had a place in sales and marketing. Attempting to use persuasive techniques in other areas of business could have been deemed as devious or manipulative. However, certain aspects of how we do business and conductRead MorePresidential Powers: A Comparsion of Predencies of George W. 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Geology Report free essay sample

In article 64, Beach Placers Containing Radioactive Minerals, Bay of Bengal, East Pakistan the geologists have thoroughly researched the rocks and minerals of beach placers that extend 100 miles southeastward along the Bay of Bengal near East Pakistan. During the 1961 study the geologists discovered that the placers contain heavy radioactive minerals including monazite, ilmenite, and zircon. In the sands along the beaches, the geologists, found 10 to 30 percent of heavy minerals that exceed 2. 8 specific gravity. Of the ten randomly dispersed placers studied along the oast, geologist found they all contained small concentrations of these heavy radioactive minerals. The minerals studied in the placers were in layers between 1 and 2. 5 feet thick and located near the beach surface along with others buried in sand dunes. They believe the placers were formed with or by a combination of waves, wind, and the natural down flow of creeks/rivers. Due to the difference of each separately located placer, geologists noticed grain sizes and the sorting of the minerals differ from placer to placer. We will write a custom essay sample on Geology Report or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page They discovered the lenses with the majority of eavy minerals is finer grained, better sorted, and better rounded and contains magnetite. In the pacer at the northernmost tip, they found it differs from the others. It had black sand as opposed to white and it laid on top of a mud platform. Also, according to the survey, geologists found this placer to be less radioactive than the rest of placers researched. All of the placers are oblong in shape and are very large. Each placer is tens of hundreds of feet wide and can stretch out to be several miles long. The geologists surveyed the placers using an airborne radiometric survey. After ll of the research the geologists and scientists found that all of the placers contain radioactive minerals as well as non-radioactive minerals. Reasoning and Application I specifically chose this article because I find radioactive minerals, and anything geological related to the ocean, interesting. I grew up surfing in a small beach town near Santa Barbara so any type of geology related to the oceans and beaches interest me. Also, one of the more interesting topics learned in my geology class were the different types of minerals and how their individual physical structure can be altered due to earths natural forces. After studying geology this semester I was able to fully understand how these placers were formed along with why these heavy minerals formed in layers and were denser than the sand and other rocks. It helped me understand why and how geologists surveyed these radioactive minerals. Also, I completely understood how these minerals were sorted and the different physical structure of these well and poorly sorted minerals. I can honestly say that before taking this class I would have no idea what this article was about. Now I was fully able to grasp all of the information provided in the article. USGS Geology Report By gomer5

Approaches to Resolving Conflicts

Approaches to Resolving Conflicts First, the approach is supposed to produce a wise agreement that is if there is a possibility of an agreement. A wise agreement should ensure that the interests of both parties have been attained to the best possible limits. This is in addition to attempting to give fair solutions to conflicting interests, as well as being long lasting and considering the interests of the bigger community (Fisher, Ury and Patton 1991, p.4).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Approaches to Resolving Conflicts specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Schmidt’s interests were that he wanted the museum to be the leading in the Midwest and to be among the top five nationally. This would call for extensive fund raising and media coverage. This made him to be focused on generating more funds, hiring excellent curators and, acquiring and showing the most outstanding art work. On the other hand, Smithâ€℠¢s desire on the other hand was for the MCA to expand its scope in the number of hosted artists and audience base. He was prepared to team up with his wife to donate funds that would facilitate the expansion of the facility. These were varying interests and it would cost the museum facility a great deal if they were all to be met. Therefore, instead of the lack of agreement on these interests drawing them apart, they should have accessed the possibility of at least meeting some from each side at a cost that the museum facility can afford at the time. The practicality of meeting all of one person’s interests may just be as unpractical as meeting the demands of both the parties. However, a mutual agreement should be reached to an extent where each party feels involved. Apart from ensuring the interests of each party have been represented to a given extent, it should also aim at providing fair solutions to conflicting interests. For instance, whereas Schmidt is particularly preo ccupied with the quality of the services offered by the facility, Smith is more concerned with the quantity in terms of the capacity of the structure and the number of participants. These are two conflicting interests. To reach at a common ground, there should be fairness to ensure that interests from each side have been thoroughly compared, rationally analyzed and fairly adopted based on the organization’s ability to implement and sustain them at that period.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More For the resolution to be wise, it should also be long lasting in the sense that after negotiating the interests that are held by both the chairman and director of the museum facility, a decision should only be reached at based on sustainability of the interest that is likely to be implemented. Moreover, a wise resolution should prioritize the interests of the organization, and no t those of individuals. Therefore, in resolving the conflicting interests of the two museum leaders, the entire museum facility’s interests should preside over those that are personal. This can be reached at after an in-depth scrutiny of each interest. In addition, disputing over pockets is unwise. It may only serve to generate more heat than light as the parties tend to be confined within their positions. Schmidt talks with defensive connotations to his docket as both the professional manager and leader of the museum facility. He terms Peter’s concerns as intrusive and thus turns purely defensive. Smith on other hand strongly defends his chairmanship, thinks that Keith’s suggestions are fiscally unsound, and feels that he is the final authority who must therefore have the final word in all matters pertaining to the organization. This focus on their positions closes the window for any wise negotiation on the museum’s agenda making them not be able to reso lve anything. Secondly, the approach should be efficient. An argument that is centered over positions is not efficient. This is because it creates incentives that increase the difficulty of reaching at a consensus. Positional bargaining enables one to improve the probability of any decision arrived at favoring them. This enabled them to start with a hardliner stand, stubbornly clinging on it and deceiving the other party as to your certain views and by making minor compromises, just to keep the negotiation flowing. This applies to the other party too. Each of these aspects interferes with arriving at a consensus quickly. The time it takes to agree on any argument is determined by the size of the concessions and the extremeness of the opening stands. The two leaders of the museum facility start with extreme defense of their positions which none of them is willing to shed off from their perspectives of resolving the conflict at hand. Eventually, we see the conflict remaining unsolved. Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Approaches to Resolving Conflicts specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Thirdly, a good conflict resolution approach should not damage the relationships of the parties involved. Positional bargaining normally encourages rivalry of wills. Each party tends to put across what he will or will not do. For instance, Smith feels that he is the final authority and is unwilling to let Keith air his concerns on the facility’s matters. Keith on the other hand sees Smith as an intruder and is unwilling to negotiate with him over what he believes to be right. In the long run, Peter Smith exits the organization when he realizes that his point of view has been thwarted. His relationship could not have continued being the way it was prior to the resolution because of the positional bargaining that the conflict was centered about. Implementing a Collaborative Strategy In most organizations, de cisions affecting the running of the organizations are often reached at collectively and rarely unilaterally. Making decisions as a team of two or more people ensures that there is objectivity, broad perspectives, as well as thorough analysis of all necessary factors that may be required to be considered before implementing any strategy. To carry out an effective strategy implementation, the parties involved are supposed to have known each other for quite some time, be of similar philosophy if possible, be united, have a clear understanding of one another, be of the same vision and share similar goals and objectives. A good example is that of Peter and Catherine Smith. Their friends have always seen them as united, they have known each other for a long time, both have careers in the legal sector, and are both interested in collection of art works. When Peter is joins the museum board, we see the two determined to make donations that can enlarge the facility’s capacity. Implem enting this strategy will therefore be easy since the two have been together long enough to ensure that trust and unity has been established. The opposite of Peter and Catherine is vividly seen in the case of Smith and Keith. The two have worked in different places before, gained different experiences and do not trust each other. They have not worked together long enough to understand one another. They have rivalry of interests, which makes them fail to agree on implementation of their interests. Each of them is preoccupied with his position.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More They have diverse goals and objectives, which stifles agreement on implementation of some of the organization’s strategies. Additionally, asking questions is also important before implementing any collective strategy. For example, when Keith comes up with a proposal to expand both staffing and office space, Smith asks several questions, just for clarification and also to allow for objective and broader analysis of Keith’s proposals. The same is also seen when Fischer is chairing the board in determining what should be done the case of Smith’s unhonoured pledge. She seeks the opinions of other members, which finally results to a more balanced conclusion on the matter. Moreover, apart from discussing the proposed strategy as a team, it is important not to impose it on members but to let the majority have their say. The decision to adopt Keith’s ideas is reached at by the majority of board members. A democratic approach effectively works in implementing a co llective strategy. In addition, a collaborative strategy should only be implemented when all necessary preparations are in place. For example, the new building should not have been put up before all pledges were collected. Where does power come from? From the ongoing case, it is evident that power comes from one’s aggression ability, a degree of one’s relationship with others, the position, and experience occupied by someone. Peter Smith is elected as the chairman after his lobbying to make the museum facility expand its capacity for artists and audience. He also expressed his generosity and ability to support the museum fiscally through donation. He had also been within the museum for a long time during which he had supported it. Both Keith and Smith use their positions as platforms to wield power. Smith asserts his final authority on financial matters of the organization as its chairman. Keith on other part draws his power from his twelve-year experience during which he has been working as a director. This makes him feel like the overall leader and manager and regards Smith’s opinion as intrusive. Finally, power emanates from a positive rapport that one has developed with others. Fischer is able to coordinate other board members into coming up with non-heated balanced resolutions due to the positive relationship that she has established with each one of them. Harnessing the Science of Persuasion and its six principles Persuasion is an aspect that is applicable at almost all levels in the society especially in leadership and management. To tap into the power of persuasion, there are some principles that ought to be embraced. First, there is the principle of liking (Cialdini, 2001, p.3). Research shows that people will tend to like those who like them. Developing a good relationship and praising people has in most cases been seen as ways of making them feel liked which makes it easy to persuade them into making a given decision. Fischerâ⠂¬â„¢s good relationship with board members makes them persuade her into not treating Peter’s failure to honor his pledge legally. Peter’s good relationship with most board members also makes them make a decision in his favor. Secondly, there is the principal of reciprocity. Managers should model the behavior they want to see from others (Cialdini, 2001, p.4). This is whether it is an element of trust, cooperation, or attractive demeanor. Fischer’s support to the museum and her good rapport with other board members make her receive maximum support and cooperation from them when it comes to deliberating on essential facility agenda. The next principle is authority. Research shows that a display of someone’s expertise makes them have an upper hand when it comes to implementing some decisions. For example, Keith’s experience and ability to come up with balanced sheets portrayed his expertise. That could have had a lot of impact when they were voting a gainst him or Smith since he got the majority’s support. Fourthly, there is the principle of social proof that suggests that people are influenced by what their peers do. There is a lot of peer influence from Rich Steiner’s objection towards filing a law suit against the Smiths. His position influences that of John Stuart, Lee and Fischer. The fifth principle is consistency. People would in most cases not just be satisfied by merely liking you but also by feeling committed to what you would like them to accomplish. For instance, it is true that Fischer is liked by most of her board members. However, most of them feel satisfied with her leadership because she gives them an opportunity to air their views on most of the matters that affect the museum facility. They feel obligated to contribute to the decision making of the organization because their perspectives are appreciated. Through this, Fischer is able to persuade them into participating efficiently. Lastly, there i s the principle of scarcity which requires managers to present offers not in terms of what employees stand to benefit, but in terms of what they stand to drop incase they do not take initiative on the information. For instance, as one of the board members suggests, it is not prudent to take Smith’s matter legally because the museum might lose a lot financially in trying to implement such a strategy. Can’t Beat Them? Then Join a Coalition If decisions cannot be reached at from a personal perspective, it is always prudent to make them collectively. For instance, Keith and Smith could not define the fate of their interests since they were ever in dispute and could not therefore agree. This is why, in a bid to seek popularity, Keith approaches Richard Lang whom he shares his concerns with. Smith on the other hand approaches Jennifer Lee to try and form a coalition against the director. Building and Maintaining Coalitions Coalitions are teams of people or organizations that function together to achieve a certain objective (Ayer and Bunn, 2004, p.2). Coalitions serve to provide people with safety, credibility, a chance to increase public support, improve decision making and provide an opportunity to empower the civil society. Building a lasting coalition requires trust, respect and a commitment to doing things as a team. The coalition between Peter and Catherine is a good example of this. Because it is established on respect, trust and commitment, we do not see it fading. The two even leave the organization together. Also, Smith’s coalition with Jennifer Lee is maintained since in the latest meeting with the new chairperson, she is strongly opposed to filing a legal suit against him. The coalition between smith and Keith in the management of the museum could not have worked due to the absence of trust and respect. However, Fischer’s coalition with other board members is likely to last because it is founded on sustainable ingredients. Doin g things collaboratively Working together as a coalition requires commitment. There should be regular meetings that will enable all members be enlightened, participate and be motivated. An effective decision making process is also required for a coalition to work. This should be based on democracy and equality. In addition, there should be good communication to enable members exchange information freely, promptly and effectively. All these aspects are vividly captured in the way Fischer is leading the museum. When and how to Use Third Party help Occasionally, third party help is essential in dealing with some issues that pertain to the organization. However, a third party should be involved under special circumstances. One is when there extreme disagreement between members like the case of Smith and Keith. In another case, where there is an issue that is beyond the control of the organization, legal intervention is necessitated, like in the case of Smith’s disappearance befor e honoring his pledge. References Ayer, V. and Bunn, C. (2004). Advocacy Expert Series: Building and Maintaining Coalitions. Web. Cialdini, R. B. (2001). Harnessing the Science of Persuasion. Web. Fisher, R. Ury, W. and Patton, B. (1991). Getting to Yes: Negotiating Agreement Without Giving in. New York: Houghton Mifflin Company. Web. This report on Approaches to Resolving Conflicts was written and submitted by user Kody D. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on Tuesdays With Morrie Reaction

on a page. That’s all it is. Right. Right Apparently it was more. There were several aspects that drew me to this book. First off, it was easy reading right from the start. As for the content, right off the bat, I was hit with death as the clear topic. Not exactly a fun topic, but nonetheless, the book flowed easily right to the point, no bull shit lead in for twenty pages. That’s what kept me reading initially. Well, that... and, I had to, but it didn’t take long before it wasn’t a chore any longer. Another thing I found appealing was the easily relatable personality of Mitch. There are several easily identifiable sides to his character; his tendency to be emotionally reserved, his fear of receiving a similar fate as his uncle, getting caught up in his work and forgetting what really mattered: all very understandable. Having Morrie talk out all of his problems with him was almost as if someone was talking to me personally about it, without having to go through the tough experience Mitch did, literally seeing his mentor slowly wither away and die week by week. Another strong point of this book was the short and clearly separated chapters. I’d hate to be discussing such ridiculous aspects of this book, when there’s so much more to get out of it than â€Å"ease of reading†. Howev... Free Essays on Tuesdays With Morrie Reaction Free Essays on Tuesdays With Morrie Reaction It’s not often that I care about a book – or, about much of anything, for that matter. In fact, I’ve convinced myself that only a handful of worth while books even exist, most of which I don’t bother to get involved with for one reason or another. This book is an exception to almost everything I’m accustomed to. The moment I finished the last page, I began typing, making sure to capture the emotions generated by this book before they vanished. Though I didn’t cry, I was put into an interesting emotional state that is not easily or frequently stirred within me. I’m not even completely sure why. I mean, words on a page. That’s all it is. Right. Right Apparently it was more. There were several aspects that drew me to this book. First off, it was easy reading right from the start. As for the content, right off the bat, I was hit with death as the clear topic. Not exactly a fun topic, but nonetheless, the book flowed easily right to the point, no bull shit lead in for twenty pages. That’s what kept me reading initially. Well, that... and, I had to, but it didn’t take long before it wasn’t a chore any longer. Another thing I found appealing was the easily relatable personality of Mitch. There are several easily identifiable sides to his character; his tendency to be emotionally reserved, his fear of receiving a similar fate as his uncle, getting caught up in his work and forgetting what really mattered: all very understandable. Having Morrie talk out all of his problems with him was almost as if someone was talking to me personally about it, without having to go through the tough experience Mitch did, literally seeing his mentor slowly wither away and die week by week. Another strong point of this book was the short and clearly separated chapters. I’d hate to be discussing such ridiculous aspects of this book, when there’s so much more to get out of it than â€Å"ease of reading†. Howev...

Bonus Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Bonus - Case Study Example As the client was stopped, the on duty police personnel never asked for any papers for the car like that of registration, license or pollution but straight away ceased her purse. Generally, the car or any vehicle is searched only when the driver or the owner fails to provide all the requisite documents. But ceasing a woman’s purse is totally against the law of the land. After having the false accusations of improper turn, the police department committed another illegal action. And this was not the end of the harassment. As my client left the place, the on duty staff called up 911 and reported that she was acting strange and multiple pills were ceased from her purse. Now, that is thoroughly unacceptable as she had visited Radio Shacks to purchase earphones. I would like to inform the respected court of justice that all the events were framed and are aimed to defame the client and does not have slightest resemblance with the actual happenings. I would like to argue that if at al l she had violated the traffic rules, she could have been asked for papers of the vehicle. Most amazingly, while she had the invoices of the earphones, how could she be charged of having pills? All it can be said that the activities and intentions of Fort Worth Police Department is thoroughly unprofessional and unacceptable Hanson, Karmen. â€Å"Prescription drug abuse is the fastest growing form of substance abuse†. July 18, 2010. A Pill Problem: Rx Abuse is Fastest Growing. March, 2010.

Police effectiveness Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Police effectiveness - Essay Example eness obviously depends on the ability of law enforcement agencies to conform to the ideology, and meet the changing needs, of the society they protect, and to tackle the constant evolution in the character of crime. In democratic societies, policing policies have largely moved away from the rigidity of traditional policing. A policy which is popularly being adopted today is Community Oriented Policing and Problem Solving (COPPS). Community Oriented Policing acknowledges the right of the community to be involved in law enforcement. Prevention of crimes is by working in partnership with community members, and public and private non-governmental organizations, to identify and eliminate the underlying causal factors. There is the decentralization of authority and a personal approach from police officers, who are allotted permanent beats to become familiar members of the community. The focus is on shared responsibility of the police and the community through interactive community meetings, door to door calls and foot or bike patrols, fostering of mutual trust, and the formation of grassroots movements to monitor and report crimes. Community development projects, such as neighborhood clean-ups and combating drug usage, and problem solving, are prioritized. Officers are granted increased discretion and autonomy to deal with problems on a proactive, case-by-case basis, tailoring responses to particular local conditi ons. Rigid procedural responses are not favored. Community Oriented Policing â€Å"is cooperative, communicative and collaborative† (Summerfield, 2005). Problem Oriented Policing emphasizes preventive responses. It acknowledges that community problems may not be strictly criminal in nature and police discretion and locality-specific responses are more effective than arrest and prosecution. It favors a long term approach and a proactive police role. It involves (a) Scanning: identifying a recurring problem, its’ frequency and consequences. (b) Analysis:

Structure Of Travel Tourism And Hospitality Tourism Essay

Structure Of Travel Tourism And Hospitality Tourism Essay The purposes for this essay are to present the structure of the travel, tourism and hospitality industries. Firstly, we need to know what the definition of tourism is. As the World Tourism Organisation (WTO), tourism is the activities of person travelling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes (World Tourism Organisation, 1993). Therefore, the tourist is a person who travels to another place outside of their normal place of residence at least 100 miles for more than 24 hours and less than 12 months. Travel and tourism does not necessary involve travelling abroad. It could be in domestic tourism such as peoples home country, on visits to attractions, city breaks, trips to business meetings, sports events or concerts, and visits to friends or relatives. According to Weaver Lawton (2002, p.3), tourism includes the businesses that provide goods and services wholly or mainly for tourist consumption such as restaurants and food/beverage services, and lodging. Hence, it linked to hospitality industry which including accommodations segments, food services segment and other hospitality operations segments. Structure of the travel, tourism and hospitality industry The travel, tourism and hospitality industry is one of the largest industries in the world. It includes many sectors that we need to go through each part of the industry on its own. The key sectors in the travel and tourism industry can be distributed into three different parts. They are public, private and voluntary sectors. Figure 1: Tourism industry Tourism industry The private sector The public sector The voluntary sector Tour operators Travel agents Accommodations Government NTOs NATA UFTAA IATA SHA Private sector The private sector is generated of commercial operators run or owned by individuals or companies such as travel insurance, travel press, travel marketing, private colleges, tour operators or travel agents, whose main purpose is to produce benefits from the facilities and goods, which they deliver to their consumers. In addition, these agencies play a very important role in the development of the travel and tourism industry. They are the components which communicate directly with customers. For instance, they arranged a group which understand the demands of visitors and advertise their packages at different tourist locations through interactive methods of communication such as distribute brochure or advertise in their websites. Accommodations are the basic needs in tourism industry which including hotels, resorts and timeshares or condominiums, conference centres, camp and park lodges, food and beverages. For example, resorts offer good services such as spa, massage, hot tub for customers who come to relax on holiday. They gain high benefits due to customers consumptions when they provide good services. Therefore, the private sectors are commercial businesses with the objective of making a profit for shareholders and owners. They run businesses at all levels of the distribution chain suppliers, wholesalers and retailers. Public sector Public sectors are major groups who decide on the strategy and leadership for the growth of the tourism sector. This is the government body which supporting the tourism industry. The role of this organisation is to work with the industry and provide the required amount of support. The services offered by the public sector are delivered to the public and paid through government. Public sector includes NTOs and RTOs (national regional tourist offices). It may also be suppliers, especially in transportation and visitor attractions. Most of the public services are non-profit-making. Voluntary sector Voluntary sector contains different bodies involved in the lobbying and being the force factors who work for the benefit of the tourism sector and the benefit of the respective associations they represent. They are namely National Parks Association, YHA (Youth Hostels Association), National Trust, ANTOR (Association of National Tourist Office Representatives), FTO (Federation of tour Operators), ATOC (Association of Train Operating Companies), Museums Association, UK Inbound Tourism, Tourism Concern and PSA (Passenger Shipping Association). Organizations of the voluntary sector are controlled and ran mainly by volunteers. These organizations are usually not making profit or contributively. This creates some financial benefits that may include reduced rates and VAT, income tax exemption for investments, covenants and bank deposits. Voluntary sector organisations that register as contributions have to satisfy specific terms. Their purposes must be charitable, non-profit-making, for the educations improvement or for other aims beneficial to the society. Horizontal integration According to Weaver Lawton (2002), horizontal integration takes place when firms reach a higher level of consolidation or control within their own sector. Horizontal integration is where an organisation owns two or more companies, on the same level of the buying chain. For example, EasyJet took over Go! in 2002. It was a case of one budget airline taking over another no-frills airline. Although the two companies became one, they could have retained their different brand names. In fact in this case, EasyJet rapidly re-branded all of Go!s planes with their own distinctive livery. Principal Figure 2: Horizontal integration Principal Tour operator Tour operator Travel agent Travel agent Vertical integration Vertical integration occurs when a company achieve greater control over elements of the product chain outside its own sector (Weaver Lawton, 2002). This integration can be forward in the direction of the chain, or backward against the direction of the chain. Forward vertical integration is more common. Company gains greater control over distribution. It helps them getting closer to the customer. For example, an airline sets up a subsidiary to distribute or market products to consumers such as buying-out a hotel chain or car rental operation. Figure 3: Forward vertical integration Tour operator Principal Travel agent Backward vertical integration is buying upward in the distribution chain. In contrast to forward vertical integration, company gains greater control over supplies using backward vertical integration. For instance, First Choice is a tour operator which also has an airline named First Choice Airways, or Thomas Cook Holidays setting up Thomas Cook Airways. Principal Figure 4: Backward vertical integration Tour operator Travel agent Key historical developments Socio-economic Leisure time: Tourism currently very popular and it is widely acknowledged as a global social phenomenon. In most advanced developed countries, the natural of society has now changed from an economy based on manufacturing and production to focus on the services and consumer industries. Simultaneously, the disposable income and the amount of leisure time and holiday in many countries increased in the post-war period. Therefore, employees have the opportunity to engage in the new forms of consumption such as tourism. Incomes/holiday taking: The income is produced from wages, profits and interest, has increased every year. The UK economy is one of the strongest in Europe, levels of disposable income and consumer credit are rising and expenditure on leisure is growing at around 6 per cent. Depend on that, employees life is improved. They can spend time to enjoy their life such as travel without worry too much about money. Most people today will have travelled abroad and expect to take at least one holiday a year. When tourists are willing to pay for travel, tourism industry will generate more profit. Car ownership: By the early 1900s the car was being used for public transport in most cities. But it wasnt until the 1950 when the car really took off. There were only 8,000 cars in the whole of Britain at the start of the 20th century. By the end of the century the car population had soared to 21 million. Car ownership statistics gives an indication of the level of personal mobility in a population (domestic, continental travel). In 1989 in Britain, each car was used for an average of 30 trips per week, which declined to 24 by 2006. The distance travelled by car per week slightly decreased. Car ownership in the UK has increased considerably in recent decades. It is not uncommon for a household owning two or more cars in nowadays. Technological Transportation is an essential need in the tourism sector. It is divided into different areas such as air, road, rail, sea. Transportation is a tool to assist travellers to get to where they want to go. Sea: Up until the 1920s the only way to travel abroad was by boat. It used to take days/weeks to travel abroad. Nowadays, ships are mainly used for ferries to mainland Europe and for cruises. Road: Road travel is the first method people used to travel. In the past, people used to travel by horses, camels,  or even humans carrying goods over dirt tracks that often followed game trails. The most famous road in the past is Silk Road. The start of the Silk Road was on 2nd century BC when Chinese ambassador Zhang Qian visited the countries of Central Asia with diplomatic mission. Thus, travel by road is the pioneer in tourism. Nowadays, road travel can be buses, private cars, bicycles, motorbike, etc. People using those transportations to travel are much faster than in the past. Rail: After sea and road, rail is the third method people use to travel. By the end of the 2nd world war (1940s) the rail network covered nearly every town and village. Japan is the country famous for mass and high-speed trains. Moreover, Japan has an impressive number of subway systems. Air: Travel by air is the latest and fastest transportation in the world. The first commercial flight from the UK was to Paris in 1919, but it was very expensive. In the 1970 the introduction of the Boeing 747 brought flying cost down dramatically and open doors to mass tourism. In our time, people can travel from one place to another place very convenience. For example, a flight from Singapore to Vietnam only need 4 hours including food and beverage in the plane, while traveling by sea needs days. As we can see, tourism cannot develop without technological. It is a part has a great contribution to the tourism industry. Business developments Airlines/air travel: Airlines or air travel play a very important role in the travel and tourism industry. Early forms of technology in the travel and tourism industry were systems which linked tour operators to travel agencies via terminals and allowed travel agents to make bookings through the system. Meanwhile, airlines developed computer reservation systems (CRS). Airlines started to use computers in the 1950s to store and change the huge amount of information they needed to access. The CRS was used internally by airlines, and agents would use the OAG publication to look up flight times etc., and then telephone the airline to make a booking. Tour operators: The role of tour operators is to put together all the different components that make up a holiday and sell them as packages to the consumer. They make contracts with hoteliers, airlines and other transport companies to put the package together. All the holiday details are incorporated into a brochure which is distributed either to travel agents or directly to customers. In simple terms, they organise and package different elements of the tourism experience, then offer the product for sale to the public through different mediums like leaflets, brochures, advertisements, etc. Travel agents: The role of travel agents is to give advice and information and sell and administer bookings for a number of tour operators. They also sell flights, ferry bookings, car hire, insurance and accommodation as separate products. Thus, they are distributors of products. Increasingly, travel agents also do a little tour operating, for example putting together a holiday for a group. Some industry professionals believe that the role of the travel agent is in decline as many people are booking their own holidays and travel on the Internet or by telephone directly to tour operators. Conclusion In conclusion, this assignment helps me know more about the structure of travel, tourism and hospitality and key historical developments of its industry. Hence, I will know how tourism and hospitality work. Briefly, tourism and hospitality industry is one of the largest industries in the world. It plays a very important role in the industry. There are many sectors which contribute and help to generate the tourism and hospitality industry. They are indispensable parts of the travel, tourism and hospitality industry.

The Chlorine Debate: How White Do You Want It? Essay -- essays researc

The Chlorine Debate: How White Do You Want It? Chlorine is one of the world's most widely used chemicals, the building element vital to almost every United States industry. We use chlorine and chlorine-based products whenever we drink a glass of water, buy food wrapped in plastic, purchase produce in the supermarket, pour bleach into a washing machine, have a prescription filled, print out a computer document like this one, or even drive a car. (Abelson 94) Chlorine, a member of the halogen (salt-forming) group of metallic elements, was first made by Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele in 1774, who treated hydrochloric acid with manganese dioxide. In 1810, the English chemist Sir Humphrey Davy determined that chlorine was a chemical element and named it from the Greek word meaning greenish-yellow. One hundred and eighty-five years later, chlorine compounds are ubiquitous components in the manufacturing of paper, plastics, insecticides, cleaning fluids, antifreeze, paints, medicines, and petroleum products. The unfortunate and unavoidable by-product of these manufacturing processes is dioxin, one of the most toxic substances on the planet earth. Dioxins are also produced whenever chlorine containing substances, such as PVC, are burned. Life as we know it will change, if a Greenpeace campaign is successful. The powerful environmental group has mounted a well-organized campaign that has as its objective nothing less than a total, worldwide ban on chlorine. With the public health and billions of dollars at stake, the debate over chlorine has become one of the world's most contentious and controversial issues. "Is a chlorine-free future possible?" asked Bonnie Rice, a spokesperson for Greenpeace's Chlorine Free Campaign. "Yes, it can be done without massive disruption of the economy and of society, if it is done in the right matter." (Gossen 94) The chlorine industry and its allies say a total ban on chlorine would be neither wise, possible, nor economically feasible. "We find the chlorine campaign outrageous in its scope and purpose," explained Leo Anziano, the Chairman of the Washington-based Chlorine Chemistry Council, and organization that lobbies on behalf of the chlorine industry. "We believe it's bas... ...ingly undecidable debate, the basis of the debate seems to be the solution. Banning or getting rid of chlorine, organochlorines, or most any other chemical can only cause more problems than they will solve unless a proven and effective alternative is developed to take the place of that chemical. Most everyday things would have to drastically be altered to make suit for a complete chlorine ban, and that would take a great deal of time, effort, and money to do. If a ban on chlorine was implemented, who would be responsible for the cost and maintenance of switching the equipment: the consumer, the producer, Greenpeace and other environmental watch organizations, or the government? The brunt of the cost would most likely fall into the hands of the consumers, which would kill most middle and lower-class families. Chlorine is a building block of most of our everyday conveniences and a major player in most chemical compounds. Until a sturdy and cost-effective alternative is made, most of the everyday consumers will still have to go on using the same chlorine and organochlorine-based products that they have used for years before.

Weighted Average Cost of Capital and Discount Rate

Sampa Video, Inc You have to prepare a presentation to the management of the firm. The presentation should have; analysis of the project, your valuation of the investment and your investment recommendation. You have to be clear and brief and explain the main assumptions and methodologies used in the analysis. The quality of the presentation will be considered in the grading. You have to hand in a handout of the presentation and an executive summary of no more than 2 pages. Guideline Questions for you Report 1. What is the value of the project assuming the firm was entirely equity financed? What are the annual projected free cash flows?What discount rate is appropriate? NPV = $1,228,485 Discount rate = cost of equity (from CAPM) = 15. 8% (see model for projected free cash flows) 2. Value the project using the Adjusted Present Value (APV) approach assuming the firm raises $750 thousand of debt to fund the project and keeps the level of debt constant in perpetuity. NPV of Levered Firm = $1,528,485 3. Value the project using the Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) approach assuming the firm maintains a constant 25% debt-to-market value ratio in perpetuity. NPV of Levered Firm = $1,469,972 4. How do the values from the APV and WACC approaches compare?How do the assumptions about financial policy differ across the two approaches? †¢ The level of debt with the fixed debt policy is fixed and thus the interest tax shields have the same risk as the debt. The discount rate for interest tax shields with the fixed debt policy therefore is the debt rate of 6. 8%. †¢ With the 25% debt-to-value policy, the amount of debt varies with the value of the firm so the expected interest tax shields also vary with the value of the firm. These tax shields therefore should be discounted at the expected asset return 15. 8%, which is higher than the debt rate.

Innocence Of The Lamb By William Blake - 1705 Words

Innocence of the Lamb â€Å"The Lamb† is one of William Blake’s famous poems from his book Songs of Innocence published in 1789. â€Å"The Lamb† is also known as â€Å"Little Lamb† but better known by the former name. This poem is a didactic poem reflecting spirituality from a Christian point of view. â€Å"The Lamb† is a question and an answer type of poem and has a sense of innocence as the speaker is a child questioning a lamb’s existence. In â€Å"The Lamb† William Blake uses metaphor, symbolism and imagery to express Jesus Christ and His relationship with the world. The Begin, William Blake was born in London on November 28, 1757 to a middle-class family. He was taken out of school at a young age by his mother and started taking drawing classes and reading poetry. His parents were involved with the Anglican Church at a portion of Blake’s life and this religious background stayed with him. He found his inspiration from the B ible as is shown throughout his work. At the age of fifteen Blake became an apprentice to James Basire and for seven years he worked in London engraving images from churches and architecture, this formed his specific artistic style later in life. In 1782 Blake married Catherine Boucher and he taught her how to read and write. In 1783 Blake published his first work Poetical Sketches. Five years later, in 1788, Blake made â€Å"an important artistic discovery with the invention of relief etching,† this process became the primary format for the majority of Blake’s work. ThisShow MoreRelatedThe Innocence of Lamb in Songs of Innocence by William Blake615 Words   |  3 PagesSongs of Innocence by William Blake collocates the naà ¯ve lives of children and loss of innocence of adults, with moral Christian values and how religion has the capacity to promote cruelty and prejudice. Blake was born in 1757, up to and after the French Revolution he wrote many works criticizing en lightened rationalism and instead focused on intellectual ideas that avoided institutionalization and propelled ethical and moral order. Blake’s collection of poem exposes and explores the values and limitationsRead MoreThe Lamb and the Tyger Essay1437 Words   |  6 PagesThe Tyger and The Lamb by William Blake, written in 1794 included both of these poems in his collection Songs of Innocence and Song of Experience, takes readers on a journey of faith. Through a cycle of unanswered questions, William Blake motivates the readers to question God. These two poems are meant to be interpreted in a comparison and contrast. They share two different perspectives, those being innocence and experience. To Blake, innocence is not better than experience. Both states haveRead MoreWilliam Blake s The Lamb And The Tyger873 Words   |  4 Pagesdescribed as pure, tender, and innocent. Even in the Holy Bible, lambs are talked about in such high honor that they were even used to be holy s acrifices during biblical times. William Blake describes the young sheep in similar characteristics in the poem â€Å"The Lamb† and â€Å"The Tyger†. A tiger as we know its characteristics to be is fierce and mysterious. Always lurking around, waiting for the perfect opportunity to strike. In William Blake’s two separate poems he ties each of the poems together withRead MoreAnalysis Of William Blakes Songs Of Innocence And Of Experience1005 Words   |  5 PagesSongs of Innocence and of Experience, which is written by William Blake, was published in 1794. Author wants to describe the contrary of two states of human soul: innocence and experience. While Songs of Innocence include is collection of poems about happy, or joyful world, Songs of Experience are a collection of poems about sorrows, or sufferings. The above selection text is from The Lamb which is a poem in Songs of Innocence. The first impressive about this poem is that it is as a song for childrenRe ad MoreWilliam Blake s The Tyger1132 Words   |  5 PagesWilliam Blake’s â€Å"The Tyger† and Tragedies William Blake wrote a set of poems in his collection Songs of Innocence and Songs of Experience. Some of the poems in each collection were meant to be read together to show the difference between innocence and experience. Many people question why Blake wrote a two part series to his poems and what they could actually mean. Two specific poems, â€Å"The Lamb† and â€Å"The Tyger,† were meant to be read together. â€Å"The Lamb† is a part of Blake’s Songs of Innocence andRead MoreSongs of Good and Evil1545 Words   |  7 Pagesall describe William Blake’s life (Greenblatt, Abrams, Lynch, Stillinger). Blake was born November 28, 1757 in London, England and his artistic ability became evident in his early years. Blake had a very simple upbringing and had little education. His formal education was in art and at the age of fourteen he entered an apprenticeship with a well-known engraver who taught Blake his skills in engraving. In Blake’s free t ime, he began reading writing poetry. At the age of twenty-one, Blake completed hisRead MoreEssay on The Lamb626 Words   |  3 Pagesseeks refuge in the knowledge and innocence of the past. William Blake used direct dictation through his poem, â€Å"THE LAMB†, in disseminating his theorem, which we, humans, seek to find peace within our selves only after reestablishing our identity with something pure. In the poem William Blake uses the Lamb, as a vessel, to interpret the innocence, we would seek to use. The speaker is seeking answers to his questions, about how the lamb gained such natural innocence. Blake’s biblical reference is alsoRead MoreRationalism And William Blakes The Lamb And The Tiger868 Words   |  4 Pagesinto their writing. However, William Blake did not take the approach of a rationalist writer when he wrote the two poems The Lamb and The Tiger. These poems both are tied to God and make biblical references. Blake shows the contrast between these two poems by having The Lamb based off i nnocence and The Tiger based off of fear and losing one’s innocence. In The Lamb and The Tiger, William Blake uses the lamb to represent innocence and the tiger to show the loss of innocence by using imagery and biblicalRead MoreOpposition in William Blakes The Lamb and the Tyger689 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿Opposition in William Blakes The Lamb and The Tyger William Blakes Songs of Innocence and Experience contain some of his most known poems including The Lamb from Songs of Innocence and The Tyger from Songs of Experience. These two poems are intended to reflect contrasting views of religion, innocence, and creation, with The Tyger examining the intrinsic relationship between good and evil. Blake utilizes contrasting images and symbols to examine opposing perspectives of good and evilRead MoreEssay The Writings of William Blake1106 Words   |  5 PagesWilliam Blake was one of England’s greatest writers (Tejvan) in the nineteenth century, but his brilliancy was not noticed until after he was deceased. Blake was very much a free spirit who often spoke his mind and was very sensitive to cruelty. At the age of twenty five he married a woman named Catherine Boucher. They created a book of all Blake’s poems called Songs on Innocence, which was not very popular while he was alive. On the other hand Blake’s other book of poems, Songs of Experience, were